Aquilino Polaino called lower self-esteem disorders. This can happen by factors relating to the development, personality, process of upbringing, education or socio-cultural aspects. But also must be taken into account that self-esteem is one of the psychological aspects that are first altered in some psychiatric pathologies. Alterations of self-esteem in multiple psychiatric disorders and in this sense there are changes in self-esteem (either positive or negative sense) should be considered as agreement symptom that I would point out to us that something is wrong and therefore that it is necessary an accurate that it clarified the origin of such alteration diagnosis. We can not forget that multiple processes psychiatric, such as mood, anxiety, personality disorders or psychotic, involve alteration of this and are part of the constellation of symptoms that accompany these processes.

The alterations the self-esteem that is observed in this kind of disorder is to what Dr. Aquilino Polaino called major self-esteem disorders. In the case of mood disorders, authors such as Beck noted as important features what it calls the cognitive triad: negative view of self, the future and the world. This negative view of self appointed by Beck keeps close relationship with self-esteem deficits observed in depression. But while there is a tendency to consider the alterations of self-esteem in terms of decrease or negative, there are various psychiatric pathologies in which the alteration of the same happens in a positive sense and excess. Such is the case of disorder as the manic depressive, characterized by swings between manic and depressive poles encouragement or hiccups in that in these phases can be seen and a manic, perception and sense of self expansive, envelope valued and oversized, this constituting an important diagnostic feature. Also We can observe alterations of self-esteem in this sense positive in substance use disorder as it is the case with alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines and other psychostimulants. Original author and source of the article.